摘 要

严监生和夏洛克分别是中国作家吴敬梓小说《儒林外史》和英国作家莎士比亚戏剧《威尼斯商人》中的主角，学术界在评价两位文学人物中一直存在着比较极端的理解。在传统读者看来，严监生和夏洛克作为文学史上典型的吝啬鬼形象，长期以来一直受到传统读者的批评。本文旨在通过比较分析严监生与夏洛克的吝啬鬼形象的差异，以及差异的原因，全面解读严监生与夏洛克两位中西方文学中的典型人物的塑造，为读者提供两个生动立体的人物形象更多的解读空间。
本文共分四个部分。第一部分重点阐述本文的研究重点以及研究意义，如吴敬梓小说《儒林外史》和莎士比亚戏剧《威尼斯商人》。同时通过回顾国内外相关研究现状，阐明本文的主题及研究方法和研究思路。第二部分运用比较分析的方法分别从《儒林外史》中严监生与《威尼斯商人》中夏洛克的人格特征、人际关系观和对金钱的看法等方面分析两个“吝啬鬼”形象之间的区别，阐述他们两人在社会阶层和道德价值观上的差异。第三部分则从严监生和夏洛克的经济条件、政治文化环境等方面分析了他们之间差异的原因。论文的最后一部分是总结：分析研究表明，生活在封建君主专制下的“吝啬鬼”严监生和生活在资本主义时期的夏洛克，有许多的差异，并且他们各自的差异也深刻地反映了他们生活的时代特征。建议把造成两者之间差异的具体原因明确，比如具体的经济背景、具体的政治和文化背景等等。因此,理性和客观的解释文学中的人物需要全面、深入分析他们生活的时代。

关键词：吝啬鬼；严监生；夏洛克

ABSTRACT

Yan Jiansheng and Shylock are the protagonists in the novel The Scholarsby Wu Jingzi and the play The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare. The academic circles have always had extreme understandings in the evaluation of these two literary characters. In the view of traditional readers, Yan Jiansheng and Shylock,as typical misers in literary history, have long been criticized by traditional readers. This paper aims to analyze the differences between the miser images of Yan Jiansheng andSherlock, trying to interpret the two typical characters in Chinese and Western literatures, so as to enrich the understanding of the two vivid and three-dimensional characters.

Sherlock, trying to interpret the two typical characters in Chinese and Western literatures, so as to enrich the understanding of the two vivid and three-dimensional characters.

This paper is divided into four parts.The first part focuses on the research and research significance of this paper,such as Wu Jingzi’s novel The Scholars and Shakespeare’s drama The Merchant ofVenice, the domestic and foreign relevant studies, the thesis and research methods of this paper. The second part uses comparative analysis to analyze the differences betweenYan Jiansheng in The Scholars and Shylock in The Merchant of Venice in termsof their personality characteristics, interpersonal relationship,and their views on money, to find out their difference in social class and moral values. The third part elaborates the reasons for the differences of the two misers concerning their economic conditions, and the political and cultural environments they are in. The final part is the conclusion.The analysis shows that there are many differences between Yan Jiansheng,a miser living under the feudal monarchy, and Shylock,who lived in the capitalist period, and their differences also profoundly reflect the characteristics of their times.Therefore, a rational and objective interpretation of literary characters requires a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the times in which they live.

Key words: Miser Images; Jiansheng Yan; Shylock;

Contents

Chapter One Introduction ……………………………………………..1

1.1 Wu Jingzi's The Scholars and Shakepeare's The Merchant of Venice…1

1.2Literature Review…………………………………………………….2

1.3The Thesis and the Structure…………………………………………….2

Chapter Two Differences of the Miser Images Between Yan Jiansheng and Shylock…………………………………………………………...4

2.1 Characterization of Yan Jiansheng and Shylock as “Misers”……………….4

2.1.1 Yan Jiansheng's Character……............................................................5

2.1.2 Shylock's Character…………………………………………………..6

2.2 Two Misers’ View of Human Relations and Money………………………...7

2.2.1Yan Jiansheng’s View of Human Relations and Money………………7

2.2.1Shylock’s View of Human Relations and Money……………………….9

Chapter Three Reasons for the Differences of Miser Images Between Yan Jiansheng and Shylock ……………........................………………..13

3.1 Different Economic Situations……………………………………….13

3.2 Different Political and Cultural Environments………………………...14

Chapter Four Conclusion ………………………………………………15

Works Cited…………………………………………………………….16

Acknowledgements……………………………………………….…….17