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| Santiago: A Typical Hemingway’s Hero 摘要 《老人与海》是欧内斯特 海明威最杰出的作品之一，它的创作寓意是极其深远而丰富的。小说塑造的主人公桑提亚哥被认为是海明威创作思想的集中体现，是海明威式英雄中最完美的人物形象。 本文主要从桑提亚哥与大自然及与他的邻居的关系出发，探究其硬汉形象。首先,在老人与自然的关系上，桑提亚哥对大自然既充满了喜爱之情，同时又不得不与其对抗。本论文将运用大海、大马林鱼、鲨鱼以及狮子的象征意义对这种矛盾心理进行探究，从而揭示人与自然和谐发展的重要性以及桑提亚哥“永不言败”的硬汉精神。 其次，在老人与其邻居的关系上，最值得注意的则是小男孩马诺林与老人之间的惺惺相惜之情。一方面，小男孩在老人八十四天捕鱼无获的情况下一直陪伴、支持、鼓励和相信老人；另一方面，老人面对小男孩的离开也表现出理解和尊重，从而充分表达出他们之间的友谊以及老人在重压下的优雅风度。 最后，文章将阐释创作桑提亚哥这一英雄式人物的重要意义，主要包括三个方面：即对文学上“硬汉人物”塑造的借鉴意义，对处于困境中的人们的启发意义，以及人类社会应与大自然和谐相处的生态意义。 关键词：欧内斯特·海明威；《老人与海》；大自然；桑提亚哥；硬汉精神 Abstract The Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingway’s most outstanding works, and its creative implication is highly profound and rich. And Santiago, the protagonist in the novel, is also regarded as the concentrated embodiment of Hemingway’s spiritual thoughts and the most perfect character among Hemingway’s code heroes. The thesis will explore, in large measure, the relationship between Santiago and nature and between him and his neighbors to show his image as a code hero. Firstly, Santiago is full of love for nature in the relationship with nature, but he still has to fight against it. This thesis will use the symbolic meaning of the sea, the big Marlin, the sharks and the lions to explore this paradoxical psychology, to reveal the harmony between man and nature and Santiago’s indomitable spirit. Secondly, in his neighbors’ relationship, the most remarkable is the mutual love between Marnolin and Santiago. The boy has always been accompanying, supporting, encouraging and trusting the old man when he catches no fish at all during eighty-four days; the old man shows his understanding and respect as well in the face of the boy’s leaving, fully reflecting their friendship and the elegance of the old man under heavy pressure. Finally, the thesis will explain the significance of creating Santiago as a Code Hero, which mainly includes three aspects, namely, the reference for the creation of “tough man” in literature, the enlightenment for people in trouble, and the ecological significance for human society to live in harmony with nature. Key Words: Ernest Hemingway; The Old Man and the Sea; Nature; Santiago; Code Hero; Nature Contents Introduction 1 Chapter One Hemingway’s Code Hero and the Characteristics 3 1.1Being Fond of Nature and Respectful for Life 3 1.2Being not Afraid of Loneliness and Failure 4 1.3Being Courageous to Challenge and Struggle 5 Chapter Two Santiago and the Nature 7 2.1 Awe to and Struggle with the Sea 7 2.2 Harmony in Capture of the Marlin 8 2.3 Competition in Fight against the Sharks 19 2.4 Recovery from the Dream of the Lion 10 Chapter Three Santiago and the People from the Surroundings 12 3.1 Live in Peace with His Neighbors 12 3.2 Company and Inspiration of Marnolin 12 3.3 Talk to Himself 13 Chapter Four The Significance of the Code Hero --- Santiago 15 4.1 The Contribution to the Literature in Characterization 15 4.2 The Mental Enlightenment: Being Graceful under Pressure 16 4.3 The Philosophy of Life: Harmony between Man and Nature 17 Conclusion 19 Bibliography 20 |
