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| The Destiny of Sister Carrie --An Analysis of Hierarchy Needs in Sister Carrie 嘉莉妹妹的命运--浅析需要层次在《嘉莉》中的体现 Abstract This work mainly talks about the story of a country girl Carrie leaving her hometown to live with her sister in Chicago. In the process of looking for a job and meeting two boyfriends,she lost her original innocence and eventually became a famous actor of Broadway in New York. Through reading this novel,we can see that Carrie's desires are constantly improving with her needs constantly increasing; and in her pursuit of desire, she also began to violate traditional moral code. This article mainly clarifies the themes of the article from the following aspects: Firstly,it will introduce the author of the novel "Sister Carrie" and the relevant era background ofthe novel; secondly, it will analyze the main content of the five aspects of the hierarchy theory and explain the contents of these five aspects separately; finally,based on the content of the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory analyzed earlier, it will analyze Carrie and her two heroes from the changes in different needs in different periods and the reasons for their occurrence, that is, on the one hand, the internal desires of the characters, on the other hand, external factors such as the environment and the temptation of the city. The interaction of these two aspects eventually led to Carrie's violation of ethics."Sister Carrie" also gives us educational significance: in today's increasingly advanced material world,people should not pursue material enjoyment blindly, but should fully realize the happiness and satisfaction that spirit brings to people and think about the meaning and value of their own life. Key words: “Sister Carrie”; education; desire; Hierarchy of Needs Theory 摘要 这部作品主要讲述了乡下姑娘嘉莉离开家乡前往芝加哥的姐姐家居住，在找工作和先后结认了两个男朋友的过程中，她丧失了原有的纯洁无邪，最终成为了纽约百老汇一个有名的演员的故事。通过阅读这部小说，我们看到嘉莉的需要层次在不断的提高，她的欲望也在不断地随之增长; 而在她追求欲望的过程中，她也开始违背传统道德。本篇文章主要从以下几个方面来对文章的主题进行阐明： 首先，将从《嘉莉妹妹》这部小说的作者及本部小说产生的相关时代背景来阐述；其次，将依次分析马斯洛需要层次理论的五个方面的主要内容，并且分别对这五个方面的内容进行讨论；最后，将依据前面分析的马斯洛需要层次理论的内容，来分析嘉莉及其两位男主人公在不同时期的不同需要的变化，并且分析其产生的原因，即一方面是人物内在的欲望，另一方面是环境、城市的诱惑等外在因素。这两方面的相互作用最终导致嘉莉违背道德规范。《嘉莉妹妹》也同样给予我们教育意义，在物质越来越发达的今天，人们不应该盲目追求物质的享受，而应该充分认识到精神带给人们的幸福感和满足感,思索自己人生的意义和价值所在。 关键词： 嘉莉妹妹；教育；欲望；需要层次理论 Contents 目录 Acknowledgements i Abstract ii 摘要 iii 1.Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction to Theodore Dreiser 1 1.2 A Brief Introduction to Sister Carrie 2 2.Literature Review 3 2.1 Related Studies Abroad 3 2.2 Related Studies in China 4 3.About Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs 4 3.1 Physiological Needs 5 3.2 Safety Needs 5 3.3 Love and Belonging Needs 6 3.4 Esteem Needs 6 3.5 Self-actualization Needs 6 4.Carrie’s Needs 7 4.1 Original Needs 8 4.1.1 Physiological needs: make a living 8 4.1.2 Safety needs: marry Drouet 8 4.2 Higher Needs 9 4.2.1 Love and belonging needs: marry Hurstwood 9 4.2.2 Esteem needs: 9 4.2.3 Self-actualization needs: 10 5.Drouet’s Needs 11 5.1 Original needs 11 5.1.1 Physiological needs: pursue Carrie 11 5.1.2 Safety needs 12 5.2 Higher needs 12 6.1 Original needs 13 6.1.1 Physiological needs 13 6.1.2 Safety needs 14 6.2 Higher needs 14 6.2.2 Hurstwood’s needs in New York 15 7.Conclusion 16 |
