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| 论民事时效性制度的完善 摘 要 诉讼时效制度是大陆传统民法中就时间因素对法的规范效力以及法律关系的影响所提炼出来的一项专门性制度,也是传统民法中一项拥有着悠久历史的基本制度。尽管立法者普遍期望通过限制措施来保障公共福利，但对活动的限制却带有强制性和强制性的时间特征。诉讼的所有限制方面都是由法律直接决定的，即使是当事人的主观能动性也没有限制诉讼的余地。然而，随着社会生活的不断发展，诉讼的法律限制已逐渐不可能使其越来越适应民事关系的法律要求。新的德国民法作为国内法的代表作了修订，并在限制操作系统的情况下适用，因此，近年来，鉴于当事人有一个独立的领土，即某个地区，使当事人能够同意限制诉讼。笔者认为，无条件全面禁止对措施的限制，不仅有利于满足当事人的合理要求，而且有损于当事人的自由，有必要允许各方缔结限制该措施的有限协议，为了更好地实现这一涉及诉讼的限制制度的价值。该文件从理论上反映了这样一个事实，即它最初支持该措施的合法性，并根据限制该措施的国际立法经验实施限制，目的是讨论通过其合法性和法律适用减少对活动的限制。 关键词：诉讼时效；法定性；强制性；正当性 ABSTRACT The system of limitation of action is a special system refined from the traditional civil law of the mainland in terms of the normative effect of time factors on law and the influence of legal relations. It is also a basic system with a long history in the traditional civil law. Although legislators generally expect to protect public welfare through restrictive measures, the restrictions on activities have the characteristics of mandatory and mandatory time. All the limitations of litigation are directly determined by the law, even the subjective initiative of the parties has no room to limit the litigation. However, with the continuous development of social life, the legal restrictions of litigation have gradually become impossible to make it more and more adapt to the legal requirements of civil relations. The new German civil law, as a representative of domestic law, has been amended and applied in the case of restricted operating system. Therefore, in recent years, given that the parties have an independent territory, that is, a certain region, the parties can agree to restrict litigation. The author believes that the unconditional total prohibition of restrictions on measures is not only conducive to meeting the reasonable requirements of the parties, but also detrimental to the freedom of the parties. It is necessary to allow all parties to conclude a limited agreement to limit the measures, in order to better realize the value of this limitation system involving litigation. In theory, the paper reflects the fact that it initially supported the legality of the measure and imposed restrictions based on the experience of international legislation restricting the measure, with the aim of discussing how to reduce restrictions on activities through its legitimacy and application of law. Key words: Limitation of action；Legality；mandatory；Legitimacy 目 录 第1章 引言1 第2章 民事诉讼时效相关概述2 2.1 概念2 2.2 诉讼时效的当前特征2 2.2.1 法定性2 2.2.2 强制性2 第3章 诉讼时效能否约定变史的域外立法例比较3 3.1 绝对禁止变史诉讼时效3 3.2 相对禁止变更诉讼时效3 3.2.1 允许缩短但不许延长4 3.2.2 允许有限制地缩短和延长4 3.3 相对自由变更诉讼时效5 3.4 域外立法例对我国诉讼时效制度的启示5 第4章诉讼时效可约定性之顺7 4.1 梱讼瞰强制性理论基础的反思7 4.2 对诉讼时效可约定性的分析7 4.2.1 符合私法自治理念7 4.2.2 有利于修复社会关系和实现法律与道徳的融合8 4.2.3 贯彻民法基本原则的选择9 第5章适用诉讼时效可约定性需思考的问题10 5.1 诉讼瞰规范性质的确定10 5.2 适用方式的选择11 5.2.1 完全由当事人自由约定11 5.2.2 由法律设置当事人约定的合理限度11 5.3 可约定事项的扩充11 结语13 参考文献14 致谢15 |
