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| 论我国劳动合同解除制度的不足及其完善 摘 要 劳动合同是劳动者与用人单位确立劳动关系，明确权利义务的一种协议。而作为一种协议，它便具有了普通民事合同的一些法律属性，比如双务性、有偿性、诺成性等。与此同时由于它具有人身性，所以也是一种公认的特殊性合同。在法律实践过程中，劳动合同的解除是劳动关系中的普遍现象。劳动合同的解除是指劳动合同订立后，尚未完全履行之前，由于一些原因导致劳动合同一方或双方当事人提前消灭劳动关系的法律行为。劳动合同的解除共分为单方解除和双方解除两种，其中双方解除指的就是双方通过协商或约定解除合同，一般情况下不会出现纠纷。而单方解除则恰恰相反，在劳动合同引发的纠纷中大都是由于单方解除引起的。单方解除的特点有：（1）提前解除劳动合同（2）不需要相对人的同意。这就导致有些劳动者或用人单位利用相关的法律，故意去获取非法利益，扰乱就业市场。 本人通过查看中国裁判文书网、无讼案例以及最高人民法院发布的指导性案例等大量资料发现，目前我国关于劳动纠纷的案例已经越来越多，而在这些劳动纠纷中单方解除又占绝大多数。单方解除共分为用人单位单方解除和劳动者单方解除。在这些案例中，本人发现用人单位单方解除较劳动者单方解除发生频率更高，存在的不足也较明显。因此，本人将通过案例分析法、对比法等方法，通过对具体案例进行剖析，并将不同案例中所显露出来的单方解除制度的不足进行总结，结合现如今的相关法条，最后提出本人的完善建议。 关键词：劳动合同; 解除制度；单方解除 Abstract The labor contract is a kind of agreement that the laborer and the employingunit establish the labor relationship and clarify the rights and obligations. As a kind of agreement,it has some legal attributes of ordinary civil contract, such as bilateral, compensatory, consensual, etc. At the same time, because of its personal nature, it is also a recognized special contract.In the process of legal practice,the rescission of labor contract is a common phenomenon in labor relations. The rescission of labor contract is to point to after labor contract is concluded,have not been completely performed before,as a result of some reasons cause labor contract one party or both parties to eliminate the legal behavior of labor relationship in advance. The termination of labor contract can be divided into unilateral termination and bilateral termination. Among them, bilateral termination refers to the termination ofthe contract by both parties through negotiation or agreement. Generally, there will be no dispute.On the contrary, unilateral rescission is mostly caused by unilateral rescission in the disputes caused by labor contracts. The characteristics of unilateral rescission are :(1) rescind the laborcontract ahead of schedule (2) do not need the consent of the counterpart. This leads to some workers or employers to take advantage of relevant lawsto intentionally obtain illegal benefits and disrupt the job market. I found that there are more and more cases about labor disputes in our country,and unilateral dissolution accounts for the vast majority of these labor disputes. Unilateral termination is divided into employer unilateral termination and employee unilateral termination. In these cases, I found that the frequency of unilateral termination of employers is higher than that of laborers, and the shortcomings are obvious. Therefore, I will use case analysis, comparative method and other methods,through the analysis of specific cases,and summarize the shortcomings of unilateral dissolution system revealed in different cases, combined with the current relevant laws, and finally put forward my suggestions for improvement. Key words：Labor contract;rescind the system; unilaterally terminate 目 录 摘 要 1 Abstract 2 目 录 3 引 论 1 （一）选题的目的及意义 1 （二）国内相关文献的简要评述 1 （三）论文研究的主要内容 2 一、关于劳动合同解除制度的案例…3 （一）用人单位单方解除的案例 3 （二）劳动者单方解除的案例 3 二、案例中所存在的法律制度的不足 4 （一）用人单位单方解除案例中的问题 4 （二）劳动者单方解除案例中的问题 7 三、相关制度的漏洞及其完善 8 （一）用人单位单方解除制度的漏洞总结及其完善 8 （二）劳动者单方解除制度的漏洞总结及其完善 10 结 语 13 主要参考文献 14 致 谢 15 |
