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霍斯夫泰德文化维度理论下中欧神话的差异研究——以洪水神话为例【英文】

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霍斯夫泰德文化维度理论下中欧神话的差异研究——以洪水神话为例

摘 要

洪水神话是一个以洪水为主题或背景的神话故事。洪水神话是世界上流传最为广泛的神话之一,是世界性的文化现象。世界上180多个国家和民族已经出现了洪水神话的传说。这些国家曾经经历过洪水的入侵,在历经磨难的人类的心中留下了不可磨灭的印记,将洪水神话一代一代地流传了下来,并提醒后人对洪水这种自然灾害要保持警惕。在现存的洪水神话故事中,主要有以中华民族为代表的东方洪水神话和希腊以及希伯来民族为代表的的西方洪水神话尤为广泛流传。
本论文将从跨文化交际的角度,运用霍夫斯泰德的文化维度理论对中欧洪水神话进行对比分析。本论文第三章主要讲了中欧洪水神话的差异。中欧洪水神话存在显著的差异,最明显的是人们对待洪水的态度不同,欧洲神话中人们主要选择逃避洪水从而躲避灾难,而中国神话中主要选择与洪水进行抗争,治理洪水。另外,中国神话和欧洲神话的保存情况也不相同,中国神话的保存比较零散,主要是通过早期的口口相传而后的书面记载从而保留至今,而欧洲神话的保存比较系统,完整,主要由圣经和希腊神话记载下来从而一代一代流传。所以中欧洪水神话的流传也不相同。第四章主要讲述了形成差异的原因。

关键词:洪水神话;中欧;霍夫斯泰德;文化维度理论;差异及原因

Abstract

Flood Myth is a legendary flood-related tale as the subject or background.The myth of flooding is one of the worlds most common and a cultural phenomena worldwide.The legend of the flood myth has appeared in more than 180 countries and nations in the world.These countries have experienced flood invasions,leaving an indelible mark in the hearts of mankind, passing down the flood myth from generation to generation, and reminding future generations to be vigilant against natural disasters like floods. Among the existing flood myths, the eastern flood myths represented by the Chinese nation and thewestern flood myths represented by the Greek and Hebrew nations are particularly widespread.
From the perspective of cross-cultural communication,this thesis uses Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory to make a comparison of Chinese and European flood myths. The third chapter of this thesis mainly talks about the differences between Chinese and European flood myths. There are significant differences in flood myths between China and Europe.The most obvious is that people have different attitudes towards floods.In European myths, people mainly choose to escape from floods to avoid disasters,while in Chinese myths they mainly choose to fight against floods and control floods. In addition, the preservation of Chinese myths and European myths is not the same.The preservation of Chinese myths is relatively scattered,mainly through early oral transmission and then written records so as to be preserved to this day, while European myths are more systematic and complete. It is mainly recorded by the Bible and Greek mythology and passed on from generation to generation. Therefore, the spread of flood myths in China and Europe is also different.The fourth chapter mainly describes the reasons for the differences.

Key Words: Flood Myth; China and European; Hofstede;Cultural Dimension Theory; Differences and Causes


Contents

摘 要 i

Abstract ii

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Background to the Study 1

1.2 Purpose of the Study and Research Questions 1

1.3 Approach to the Study 2

1.4 Organization of the Thesis 2

2 Literature Review 3

2.1 Chinese and European Flood Myths 3

2.1.1 Chinese Flood Myths 3

2.1.2 European Flood Myths 5

2.2 Cultural Dimensions Theory 6

2.2.1 Development of Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory 6

2.2.2 Summary of Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory 7

2.2.3 Previous Study on Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory 9

3 The Differences Between Chinese and European Myths 11

3.1 The Different Attitudes Towards Flood 11

3.2 The Different Circulations of Flood Myth 12

4 The Reasons for the Difference Between Chinese and European Flood Myths 15

4.1 Natural Environment 15

4.2 National Spirit 17

5 Conclusion 21

References 23

Acknowledgements 25