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| 小说《那个英国人》汉译中的翻译转换理论应用【英文】 摘要：本论文是一篇翻译报告，所节选的原文为苏格兰作家Douglas Stuart（道格拉斯·斯图尔特）先生于2020年刊登在《纽约客》杂志上的短篇小说《那个英国人》。本篇小说讲述了一个来自小城市的男孩为了摆脱那个令他讨厌的家庭生活，远赴伦敦去到一个叫威廉的英国老男人身边做仆人。男孩本以为自己找到了一份称心如意的工作，然而威廉的真实目的不是要男孩做他的仆人，而是去做他的同性恋人。相处了一段时间后，男孩发现自己同样也爱上了威廉。在翻看完一本装满了各种男生照片的相册后，男孩猛然发掘威廉对他所谓的 “爱”其实是在为性侵作掩护——相册里的每一个男生都曾经是威廉的恋人，最后却都遭遇性侵。大失所望的男孩最终选择离开威廉，也离开伦敦。整部小说笔触温柔缓和，将一些敏感内容用委婉的写作手法很文艺得展示出来，而这种文艺描写也给翻译造成了很大难度。为了尽可能做到风格再现，复现作者的语言魅力，译者选用了J.C.Catford（卡特·福德）的翻译转换理论，力图在翻译过程中不失原作风味。 本翻译报告由以下五部分组成。第一部分就是摘要，其目的在于简单地分析和介绍翻译报告项目背景和结构。第二部分主要是对于翻译的原文进行概括，包括了对于作者介绍以及对原文内容的说明。第三部分包括了整篇论文的理论框架，介绍翻译转换理论的出现及发展，以及翻译转换理论的具体内容。第四部分主要为翻译的难点和翻译技巧与方法实践，包括作者在翻译的过程中会碰到的一些困惑和问题及应用时所需要采取的一些翻译手段。第五部分旨在回顾实践，着重于去总结翻译过程中的一些经验教训，升华翻译的总体感想，以及本次的文本翻译的呈现。 关键词：翻译报告；道格拉斯·斯图尔特；《那个英国人》；翻译转换理论 A Translation Practice and Analysis of The Englishman Based on the Translation-shift Theory Abstract: This translation project report is based on an excerpt taken from the fiction The Englishman, written by a Scottish writer Douglas Stuart and published in The New Yorker in 2020. In order to escape from his terrible family, a young boy who used to live in a small city came to London to be a manservant for an old Englishman called William. This poor boy believed that he found a well-paid job, however, the true intention of William was to make the boy to be his lover. After getting along with William for a long time, the boy, who also held a homosexual personality, gradually fell in love with him. However, he suddenly realized that their so-called love was just a William’s lie after he found William’s album with countless photos of sexual assault—every boy in those photos used to be William’s lover. Thus, the boy decided to leave William and leave London once used to be his favorite city. Douglas Stuart narrates in a steady and gentle tone. He tries to express some sensitive content in a euphemistic way, which really makes the translation work much more difficult to the translator. In the course of rendition, the translator adopts the translation-shift theory which was put forward by J.C. Catford in order to recreate the flavor of the original. The report contains five parts. The first part includes an abstract, which is used to introduce the background and explain the structure of the translation project. The second part is the summary of the original text, including the introduction of the author and the original text. The third part contains the theoretical framework, covering the emergence and evolution of the translation-shift theory and its specific contents. The fourth part explains the difficulties and translation methods, including the problems encountered in the process of translation and the translation methods adopted. The fifth part serves as a conclusion of the translation project, which involves the source text and the translation work. Key Words： Translation report; Douglas Stuart; The Englishman; translation-shift theory |
