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| A Psychoanalytical Interpretation of Gatsby’s Personality 从精神分析视角看盖茨比的人格 Abstract The thesis aims to interpret The Great Gatsby from Gatsby’s personality from Freudian psychoanalysis, specifically tripartite personality structure, giving a different interpretation of Gatsby’s tragedy with the analysis of the surrender of the ego. With the expression of the id, the ego and the superego, it will show the causes which play an essential role of the forming of Gatsby’s personality. And via the analysis of the certain plots reflecting the collision among Gatsby’s tripartite personality structure, the paper will detect how the ego spares no efforts to strive for the libido to accomplish the American Dream but finally surrenders to the repression under the id and the superego. The severe pressure from the id and the superego leads to the malfunction of the ego when Gatsby faces both the shortcut to the American Dream and the anxiety towards the morality. According to the interpretation of Gatsby’s personality, readers can reread the novel from a different perspective and comprehend the changeable and complicated mood and behaviors of Gatsby. Experiencing the mood of Gatsby while there is an easy but unethical way provided by the id and the hash oppression exerted by the superego, readers will taste the helplessness of the era and have a better understanding of Gatsby’s tragedy in depth. Key words: tripartite personality structure; collision; malfunction 摘 要 本文以盖茨比的人格为切入点解读《了不起的盖茨比》的悲剧，运用弗洛伊德的三层人格结构分析主人公盖茨比的悲剧在于其自我的屈服。通过呈现盖茨比的本我，自我和超我以及对截取情节的分析，了解其复杂人格的形成的重要原因和解析盖茨比的自我和本我与超我的关系，分析其自我是如何争取能量实现超我的要求但最终屈服于本我与超我的双重压迫。通过自我因本我的利诱和超我的威逼而失调这一理论，解读盖茨比对美国梦的执着和在道德前的焦虑心理。读者以三层人格结构理解盖茨比多变的复杂的心境和挣扎，更深刻地知道盖茨比的人格悲剧也是身处时代的无奈。 关键词：三层人格结构；碰撞；妥协 Contents Acknowledgments ……………………………………………………….……I Abstract .....……………………………………………………….……….……......II 摘 要……………………………………………………………………………… III 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………...……….1 1.1 Brief introduction to the author……………………………..……….1 1.2 Literature review……………………………………………..……….1 1.3 The purpose of the research……………………………………..……….2 1.4 The definitions of “Id, Ego and Super-ego” ……………………..……….3 2. The presentation of tripartite personality structure………...………...4 2.1 The presentation of Gatsby’s id……………………………………..……….6 2.1.1 The family background…………………………………...6 2.1.2 The extravagant life………………………………………6 2.1.3 The distorted love………………………………………...7 2.2 The presentation of Gatsby’s ego…………………….……………. 9 2.2.1 The pursuit of wealth………………………………………...10 2.2.2 The pursuit of love………………………………………10 2.3 The presentation of Gatsby’s superego…….........……….….....11 2.3.1 The American Dream………………………………………...13 2.3.2 The anxiety over morality………………………………………13 3. The malfunction of the ego…………………………...……………...15 3.1 The meeting in Gatsby’s garden…………………………………………...18 3.2 The contention between Tom and Jay……………………………………...18 3.3 The ego’s surrender………………………………………………... …………19 4. Conclusion……………………………………………….……………………22 References………………………………………………..………………………25 |
