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| 检察机关提起环境行政公益诉讼案例研究
摘要
改革开放以后，随着国民经济的增长，也逐渐衍生出来一些关于社会、环境等问题，其中关于环境的问题，牵扯的方面是最多的，隐藏性危害也是最大的。关于日渐凸显的环境问题，不仅仅是公民自身的问题，更多的还有环境机关的种种不作为、乱作为的后果。为了让国内环境问题更好解决并营造良好的行政环境，检察机关提起环境公益诉讼制度应运而生。2017年7月，环境行政公益诉讼在国内全面启动。本文首先是对环境行政公益诉讼等一般理论展开论述，接着通过表格大数据对比检察机关提起公益诉讼的方式，对于国内6起环境行政公益诉讼典型案例进行深入研究，结合检察机关提起环境公益诉讼的数据样本，剖析了检察机关的过失、环境行政公益诉讼制度现存的不足。最后，针对现存问题本文提出相应的完善对策：在立法方面，应该开展更加合理的立法与释法工作、完善举证责任机制等；在司法方面，应该科学的设置诉前程序、保持跟进监督，明确受案范围等。同时，应该建立起检查与纪检双向保障机制。
关键词： 环境问题 公益诉讼 检察机关 行政公益诉讼 制度构建
Abstract
After the reform and opening up,with the growth of the national economy, some social and environmental problems have gradually emerged. Among them, the environmental problems involve the most aspects, and the hidden harm is also the biggest. The increasingly prominent environmental problems are not only the problems of citizens themselves, but also the consequences of the environmental authorities' inaction and disorderly actions. In order to better solve the domestic environmental problems and create a good administrative environment,the environmental public interest litigation system of procuratorial organs arises at the historic moment. In July 2017, environmental administrative public interest litigation was launched in China.This paper first discusses the general theory of environmental administrative public interest litigation,and then compares the ways of public interest litigation filed by procuratorial organs through big data table. It makes an in-depth study of six typical cases of environmental administrative public interest litigation in China. Combined with the data samples of environmental public interest litigation filed by procuratorial organs, it analyzes the faults of procuratorial organs and the existing problems of environmental administrative public interest litigation system There are many deficiencies in the system. Finally, in view of the existing problems,this paper puts forward the correspondingimprovement countermeasures: in the aspect of legislation, we should carry out more reasonable legislation and interpretation, improve the mechanism of burden of proof, etc.; in the aspect of justice,we should scientifically set up pre litigation procedures, maintain follow-up supervision, and clarify the scope of cases. At the same time, we should establish a two-way guaranteemechanism of inspection and discipline inspection.
Key words: Environmental problems
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