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| 中国宪法上紧急状态的规范分析 摘要：“紧急状态”是宪法上的一个关键性的概念，正确理解和适用宪法第67条第21项、80条、89条第16项当中关于紧急状态的规定，是依法应对实践中的紧急状态的关键，然而现行宪法文本中对于紧急状态一词的内涵和外沿的界定并不清晰。通过纵向历史演进、横向相关概念的比较，规范界定宪法上“紧急状态”的概念，明确宪法上的紧急状态应当符合法定性、紧急性、公共性，同时，随着社会的发展，紧急状态具有产生原因复杂性。紧急状态这一概念包含戒严，并同战争和动员相并列，是一种非常态的社会秩序。在明确紧急状态概念的同时，未来应当具体问题具体分析，结合社会现实进行具体判断，对现实当中的突发状况进行科学的规范分析。 关键词：宪法 紧急状态 规范分析 of emergency is a key concept in the Constitution.The correct conprehension and application of the provisions of articles 67 item21, article 80, article 89 item 16 of the Constitution on state of emergency isthe key to correctly understand and deal with the state of emergency in practice. Currently, however, the definition of the term emergency and itsouter edge in the current constitutional text is not very clear. Through vertical historical evolution and horizontal comparison of related concepts, we can be found that defining the concept of "state of emergency" in the constitution by norms, it is clear that the state of emergency in the constitution shouldconsistent with its characteristics, that is : the legality, urgency and publicity. Under the development of society,the causes of state of emergencyare becoming gradually more complicated, including martial law, but juxtaposing with war and mobilization, it is a kind of abnormal social order. At the same time except clarifying the definition of state of emergency,in the future, the specific problems should be analyzed ,and the unexpected situation in reality should be standardized and analyzed through individual cases. |
