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| 论期待可能性在正当防卫中的适用 摘要 一直以来，在正当防卫主观条件的认定问题上，我国理论界和实务界一直存在争议。如何认定正当防卫和防卫过当，司法实践中尚未体现出统一的标准。但是随着近几年我国几起典型防卫案件所引发的社会舆论和学界探讨，制定具体的标准和界限将成为维护我国司法公正，体现和保障人权的重要举措。 期待可能性理论虽然尚未被我国刑法所认可，但在一些典型案例的判决中仍能看到期待可能性理论的影子。在正当防卫的认定过程中出现“保障人权”和“罪刑法定”的矛盾时，引入期待可能性理论有利于填补正当防卫主观条件认定问题的缺陷，对于我国刑法理论体系的完善具有重要意义。本文通过对我国典型案例的梳理并结合国内外学者的研究成果，从我国引入期待可能性理论的必要性和合理性角度进行论证，试图探讨适合我国司法实践的路径及方法。 关键词：期待可能性；正当防卫；保障人权；主观条件 Abstract There have always been controversies in the theoretical and practical circles of ourcountry on the issue of determining the subjective conditions of justifiable defense. How to determine justifiable defense and excessive defense has not yet reflected a unified standard in judicial practice. However, with the discussion of public opinion and academic circles triggeredby several typical defense cases in my country in recent years,the formulation of specific standards and boundaries will become an important measure to safeguard my country's judicial justice and reflect and protect human rights. Although the theory of expected possibility has not been recognizedby my country's criminal law,the shadow of the theory of expected possibility can still be seen in the judgments of some typical cases. When there is a contradiction between "protection of human rights" and "statutory crimes and punishments" in the process of the determination of legitimate defense,the introduction of the expected possibility theory is helpful to fill up theshortcomings of the determination of the subjective conditions of legitimate defense and is of great significance to the improvement of the theoretical system of my country's criminal law. By combing through typical cases in our country and combining the research results of domestic and foreign scholars,this article demonstrates fromthe perspective of the necessity and rationality of introducing expected possibility theory in our country, and tries to explore the path and method suitable for our judicial practice. Keywords: anticipating possibility; justifiable defense;protection of human rights; subjective conditions |
