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| 公诉撤诉问题研究 摘要 公诉案件撤诉就是指检察机关将案件起诉到法院后，发现错误起诉或者出现程序上的事由需要撤诉时，在一定的时间内，按照法定的程序，撤销业已起诉的案件。在我国，由于立法的缺失以及最高检和最高法司法解释的笼统，撤诉制度设计上的不完善造成了撤回公诉在理论界的争议和实践中适用的混乱。有鉴于此种情况，本文在论述公诉撤诉制度的概念、特征、理论基础和价值分析的基础上，借鉴国外立法经验，重点针对目前我国公诉撤诉制度存在的问题提出若干建议。 文章主要分为五个部分： 第一部分“公诉撤诉制度概述”，初步界定了公诉撤诉制度的概念，概括公诉案件撤诉的特征，包括主体的特定性、程序的法定性、权利的限制性和时间的限定性。 第二部分“公诉撤诉制度的理论基础与价值分析”，深入分析了公诉撤回制度赖以存在的理论基础，归纳公诉撤诉制度在保障人权、实现诉讼效益、准确惩罚犯罪三个方面的价值。 第三部分“域外撤回公诉制度的立法现状与借鉴意义”，主要通过比较大陆法系与英美法系主要国家撤回公诉制度的立法状况，以便发现我国撤回公诉制度存在的不足之处，在借鉴国外先进的立法技术的基础上，完善我国的撤回公诉制度。 第四部分“我国公诉案件撤诉制度立法沿革和存在的问题”，在回顾我国公诉撤诉制度立法沿革的基础上，着重探讨了我国公诉撤诉制度现行制度设计和司法实践上所存在的问题。 第五部分“我国公诉撤诉制度的完善”，主要针对目前我们公诉撤诉制度存在的问题从制度设计和司法实践两方面对我国撤回公诉制度的完善提出自己的建议。 关键词：公诉撤诉制度；理论基础；价值分析；制度设计；司法实践； ABSTRACT Prosecution cases withdrawal means that prosecutors have sued cases to the court，then discover an error prosecution or require the withdrawal of the subject appears，within the statutory period of time，in accordance with certain procedures， withdrawal the cases. In our country, due to the lack of legislation and the ambiguous judicial interpretation of the Supreme Court and the Supreme Procuratorate,the incomplete design of the system have led to the theoretical controversy and applicable chaos in withdrawing public prosecution. Considering this situation, this paper discusses the concept, characteristics,theoretical basis and the value of prosecution withdrawal system,refers to the foreign legislative experience, aims at the current problems of prosecution withdrawal system and put forward some suggestions This paper divides into five parts: The first part is “the overview of prosecution withdrawal system”,preliminary defining the concept of prosecution withdrawal system,and summarizing the characteristics of the prosecution withdrawingcases, including the specificity of subjects, statutory of procedure, restriction of rights and time. The second part is “the theoretical basis and the value of the prosecution withdrawal system”,deeply analyzing the theoretical basis of this system,summarizing the value of this system in protecting human rights, realizing litigation efficiency and accurately punishing crimes The third part is “the current legislation and the reference meaning of extraterritorial prosecution withdrawal system”,mainly through the comparison between civil law system and common law system,discovering the deficiency existing in prosecution withdrawal system in China, completing the prosecution withdrawal system in our country on the basis of foreign advanced legislative technology. The fourth part is “the prosecution withdrawal system in our country,the related legislation history and existing problems”,reviewing the legislation evolution of this system in our country, emphatically discussing the existing problems of design and judicial practice in prosecution withdrawal system. The fifth part is “the improvement of the prosecution withdrawal system in our country”, aiming at the current problems in prosecution withdrawal system,and putting forward recommendations from the aspects of system design and the judicial practice. Keywords: prosecution withdrawal system; theoretical basis;value analysis; system design; judicial practice. 目录 引言 3 一、公诉撤诉制度概述 4 （一）公诉撤诉制度的概念 4 （二）公诉撤诉制度的特征 4 二、公诉撤诉制度的理论基础与价值分析 7 （一）公诉撤诉制度的理论基础 7 （二）公诉撤诉制度的价值分析 8 三、域外撤回公诉制度的立法现状与借鉴意义 10 （一）域外撤回公诉制度的立法现状 10 （二）域外撤回公诉制度的借鉴意义 12 四、我国公诉案件撤诉制度立法沿革和存在的问题 14 （一）我国公诉案件撤诉制度的立法沿革 14 （二）撤诉制度设计上的问题 15 （三）司法实践中的问题 18 五、我国公诉撤诉制度的完善 21 （一）制度设计方面的完善 21 （二）司法实践方面的完善 23 结语 26 |
