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| 分析托马斯哈代《远离尘嚣》中的偶然与必然 摘 要 随着经济的繁荣，人们越来越注重精神的追求。当前越来越多的国内外文学作品丰富着人们的精神世界。文学作品中包含着不同时代的风貌。但是因为认识的局限，读者有时候不能剖析出作品中蕴含的深意或者掌握事物的发展规律。因此正确认识事件中的偶然性与必然性对我们的生活非常重要。 本文将从偶然性与必然性的角度，分析作品中故事是如何发展的，主要人物有什么样的性格特点，以及其中可能影射出作者哈代的思想，观念。这样就可以更新人们对文学作品中蕴含的哲理的认知。人们会更加清楚作者是怎样运用必然性与偶然性之间的关系一步一步地来传达自己思想的。从而人们可以更好地被启发指导，总结经验，把握事物发展的总趋势。 分析作品不只是分析作品本身，还要剖析作品后面的东西。因为作品中多多少少蕴含着作者的情怀。这就要求人们一定要从多方面分析。比如从认识作者开始。本文在第一章中对作者进行解读，这对分析小说《远离尘嚣》是不可或缺的。接着，又解释了偶然性与必然性的定义。第二部分和第三部分分析作者运用大量的偶然性与必然性想要向读者传达的信息与意图，其中的解读会包含时代背景，故事发展，人物性格，宿命论，宗教观，爱情观观等方面。从而发现文中蕴含的哲理。 关键词：偶然性与必然性；托马斯·哈代；宿命论；爱情观；宗教观 ABSTRACT With the boom of the economy, individuals are seeking spiritual satisfaction more than before.Nowadays, people’s spiritual world is enriched by arts from all over the world.There is no denying that literary works contain the microcosm of different times.Sometimes, readers can’t dissect it from the works, because of the limitations of cognition.Therefore, it is crucial for us to understand the coincidence and necessity of events correctly in our daily life. It is easy to understand that how the story develops in the work and what the characteristics of the main characters are from the angle of coincidence and necessity. Besides, there may be insinuations on the thoughts, ideas of the author Hardy.In this way, people will be more aware of how the author uses the linkbetween necessity and coincidence to convey his ideas step by step sothat people can be better guided by experience and learn from experience. What’s more, individuals will be inspired to grasp general trends of things. To analyze a work is not just to analyze the work itself,but also to analyze what is behind the work because the work contains the feelings of the author. This requires persons to analyze it from many aspects,such as from the beginning of understanding the author. The first chapter of this paper is an interpretation of the author,which is indispensable to the analysis of Far from the Madding Crowd. Then, coincidence and necessity will be introduced.What is the purpose of the author’s using a sea of coincidence and necessity in Far from the Madding Crowd? This is the problem to be solved in the latter two chapters. The interpretation will include the background, the plots of the story,the character's personality, the view of fatalism, religion, marriage, and other aspects. And then it will help us to discover the philosophy contained in the article. Key Words: Coincidence and Necessity; Thomas Hardy;view of fatalism; view of love; view of religion |
