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| 商务信函沟通中的文化影响因素【商务英语 英文】 摘 要 随着经济全球化的发展，我国与世界各国的商业活动越来越频繁。不同文化背景下的人们不可避免地需要进行跨文化商务沟通。英语是国际商务交流中使用的通用语言，商务信函沟通是用书面英语进行国际商务交流的一种手段，它对商务实践的各个部分至关重要。但是，各种文化因素的差异而产生的误解，仍可能会阻碍人们在商务交流与合作中有效地传递正确的信息。如何在商务信函沟通中保持良好的跨文化意识，是越来越多商务沟通相关人员亟需面对的问题和挑战。 本研究的主要目的是从文化因素的角度总结差异，分析这些文化差异产生的原因，并学习如何在跨文化商务信函中应对这些差异。笔者希望运用商务英语、跨文化交际和英语写作策略的理论、方法和成果，对商务函电交际中必不可少的文化因素进行跨学科研究。本文以跨文化沟通领域中对商务信函沟通影响的相关文化要素为研究对象，结合社会学和商学的知识，综合运用比较分析法、案例研究法和文献分析等方法. 在对影响跨文化商务交际的文化因素进行深入分析的基础上，笔者结合了自身在中美贸易公司实习期间所做的商务信函沟通调查研究，以及外贸函电课程初学者实践中的写作案例，重点探讨了中美两国之间由价值观、语言、仪式习俗等文化因素的不同而造成的商务信函沟通的影响，并对三种文化因素各自在交际方式、语言使用、信函礼仪方面分别产生的障碍进行分析，进而提出改进的建议。本文拟从以下三部分进行探讨： 第一部分概述了本文研究的两个核心概念:商务函电和文化因素。这一部分的目的是为接下来的研究提供背景，包括商务信函的功能和文化元素的分类。第二部分主要探讨了三种文化因素的内涵和外延，及其在跨文化商务交际中的发挥的作用和产生的影响。这一部分首先指出了两类跨文化交际的差别，然后阐述了不同文化中商务交流的价值观、语言、仪式差异的跨文化分析。第三部分分别从价值观、语言、礼仪三个方面探讨了商务信函沟通在交际风格、语言使用和商务信函礼仪方面的障碍。笔者以中美贸易公司实习期间函授实践的调查为例，以商务函电课程学习者作业中的写作案例为例进行具体分析。本部分认为，本研究的结果有助于减少文化因素对商务信函的负面影响，从而提高商务信函在未来跨文化商务交际中的效率和效果。结论中强调了商务信函中跨文化意识的增强有利于国际商务合作与竞争。 [关键词] 商务信函 文化因素 跨文化沟通 Cultural Factors in Business Correspondence Abstract Since economic globalization has greatly developed,business activities between China and others worldwide are becoming more frequent. People under different cultural backgrounds inevitablyneed to conduct cross-cultural business communication. English is used as a common language in international business communication.Business correspondence,a means of international business communication in written English, is vital to various business practices. At the same time, misunderstandings caused by cultural influences such as language and contrasting cultural values may still hinder people from transmitting correct information effectively in correspondence and business cooperation. How to develop a cross-cultural awareness in business correspondence is an urgent problem faced by more and more business communication personnel. This study aims to summarize the differences from the point of culturalfactors and analyzes the reasons why these cultural differences come up. The findings will offer some insight into dealing with thecultural barriers in intercultural business correspondence. The author hopes to use the theories, methods, and results of business English,cross-cultural communication,and English writing strategies to conduct an interdisciplinary study on the essential cultural factors in business correspondence. This thesis is intended for the study of cultural factors in business correspondence, based on the related cultural elements in cross-cultural communication. It combines sociology with international business knowledge with the integrateduse of the methods of comparative analysis, case study, and literature analysis. On the in-depth analysis of the differences resulted from the values, language,and rituals in business communication,the author takes the examples of business correspondence practices and casesto further discuss the barriers to business correspondence in communicative styles, language uses and correspondence etiquette, respectively caused by the three cultural factors, and then puts forward some suggestions for improvement in business correspondence. This paper is made up of three parts. Part One of the paper generally discusses the two core concepts in this study, business correspondence and cultural factors. The purpose is to provide a background for the following research,involving the function of business correspondence and the classification of cultural elements. Part Two of the paper mainly discusses the connotations and extension of the three cultural factors, as well as their roles and influences in intercultural business communication. This part figures out the difference between intercultural and cross-cultural communication at first and then expatiates on the cross-cultural analysis of differences ofvalues, language, rituals in business communication within different cultures. Part Three of the paper discusses the barriers to business correspondence from the point of communicative styles,language uses and correspondence etiquette，respectively caused by values, language, rituals. The author takes the examples of both the investigation of correspondence practices during the internship in Sino-American Trading Company and the writing cases inbusiness correspondence course learners' assignments to make a concrete analysis. This part of the paper claims that the results of this study are helpful to reduce the negative impact of cultural factors on business correspondence and thus to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of business letters in future intercultural business communication. The conclusion emphasizes that the increased cross-cultural awareness in business correspondence is good for international business cooperation and competition. Key words: Business Correspondence Cultural Factors Cross-Cultural Communication Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1 1.1 Business Correspondence 1 1.2 Culture and Cultural Factors 3 1.2.1 What is Culture 3 1.2.2 What are Culture Factors 3 Chapter 2 Cultural Factors and Business Communication 6 2.1 Cross-Cultural and Intercultural Communication 6 2.2 Cultural Factors Influencing Business Communication 7 2.2.1 Values 8 2.2.2 Language 9 2.2.3 Rituals 11 Chapter 3 Reflections of Cultural Factors in Business Correspondence 13 3.1 Communicative Style 13 3.1.1 Cultural Reflections on Communicative Style 14 3.1.2 Direct and Indirect Communicative Style 14 3.1.3 Case study on Sales Letter 15 3.2 Uses of Language 17 3.2.1 Cultural Reflections on Uses of Language 18 3.2.2 Numerals 18 3.2.3 Color Terms 19 3.3 Etiquette 20 3.3.1 Cultural Reflections on Etiquette 20 3.3.2 Salutation 21 3.3.3 Apologies 21 Chapter 4 Conclusion 24 References 26 Acknowledgements 28 |
