摘要

翻译是一种有目的的交际行为,所有的翻译活动都要遵循目的法则,译文所要达到的预期交际目的决定了整个翻译过程的翻译策略和方法。译者翻译目的不同必然会使得译文在翻译过程中呈现出不同的侧重点。
《格列佛游记》是乔纳森斯威夫特的一部杰出的游记体讽刺小说,小说通过格列佛在利立浦特、布罗卜丁奈格、飞岛国、慧骃国的奇遇，用丰富的讽刺手法和虚构幻想的离奇情节,深刻地剖析了当时的英国社会现实。至今,《格列佛游记》已经产生了近50个汉译本。从中发现，译者对文本类型定位的不同，导致了不同的译本的产生,它们也不同程度的受到了各自读者群的喜爱。
本文从目的论视角出发，选取《格列佛游记》汉译本中的张健译本和王维东译本进行对比分析，结合目的论三原则——翻译目的、连贯原则和忠实原则分析对比两译本中的译例。通过分析总结，本文发现在目的论视角下，张健译本旨在启蒙和激励当时的中国人民，使其认清殖民侵略的丑陋目的以及资本主义的某些本质，王维东译本则侧着于教育年轻一代，发展儿童文学，因此两译本在翻译策略上做出了不同的选择，使得译本也呈现出不同的风格。

关键词：《格列佛游记》；目的论；目的论三原则；文本对比


 

ABSTRACT

Translation is a purposeful communicative act. All translation activities must follow the principle of purpose. The expected communicative purpose to be achieved by the translation determines the translation strategies and methods of the entire translation process. The different translation purposes of translators will inevitably cause the translation to show different emphases in the translation process.

Gulliver’s Travels is a brilliant satirical novel by Jonathan Swift. Through Gulliver's strange encounters in Lilliput, Brobdingnag, the Land of the Flying Islands and the Kingdom of Houyhnhnms, the author exposes a real English society by using many irony techniques and imaginary plots. To date, nearly 50 Chinese translations of Gulliver’s Travels have been produced. It is found that different types of text function lead to various translated versions, which are still popular among different levels of readers.

This thesis aims to analyze Zhang Jian and Wang Weidong’s translations of Gulliver’s Travels from the perspective of Skopos Theory. With three fundamental rules, namely the Skopos rule, Coherence rule and Fidelity rule, this thesis studies on specific examples in the two versions. The research finds out that Zhang Jian’s version aims to enlighten and inspire the Chinese people at that time to make them recognize the ugly purpose of colonial aggression and certain essences of capitalism, While Wang Weidong tends to educate the younger generation and develop children’s literature. Therefore, the two versions reflect different translation strategies, presenting different style.

Key Words: Gulliver’s Travels; Skopos Theory; three rules of Skopos Theory; comparative study translation