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| 失独家庭的风险及其保险理财规划
摘 要
我国自1982年以计划生育为基本国策后，产生了1.5亿独生子女和超过100万的失独家庭，社科院表示到2050年，我国预计会产生1100万失独家庭。尽管近年来全国逐步建立独生子女伤残死亡家庭扶助制度，但效果甚微，很难从根本上解决失独家庭面临的实际问题。我国正处在社会转型的关键期，失独家庭的数量越来越多，积累的问题也愈发严重，容易导致对政府和社会的不满情绪激增，对社会稳定以及和谐社会的构建有阻碍作用。因此了解并解决失独家庭的风险是必要的。
失独家庭的风险一部分来自于失去独生子女后产生的养老风险，也有一部分源于相关政策机制的不完善从而产生的社会风险。
本文将通过查找相关文献资料为文章提供理论支持，了解社会风险的来源和相关政策的实施效果，提出可行的意见和改进方法，通过网上查找和询问的方式向保险公司相关人员了解针对失独家庭的保险以及通过建模法，借助经验生命表中的死亡率数据，运用寿险精算中的不同种类的年金计算公式得出相关养老金的净保费公式，依据当前失独家庭的经济情况，建立模型，为他们设置最合适的保险理财规划。
关键词：失独家庭；风险；保险理财规划；养老金；社会制度
Abstract
Since China practiced the family planning as basic policy from1982,more than 150 million single children and 1 million single-child families came into birth. According to a survey by Academy of Social Sciences,there will be more than 11 million bereft families in China in 2050. Although the support system has already founded, it merely received results.Our country is facing a critical social transformation,with the number of bereft family increasing, more problems will occur, so it’s necessary to solve there problems.
The risk of bereft families comes partly from losing their single child,which means losing strong support after retirement, and partly from the incomplete support system.
So in the paper, I will use literature searching method to insight the weakness ofthe support system, and give some advice to eliminate the risk to certain extent. Besides, I will search some product from insurance companies and ask the consultants for proper combinations about commercial endowment insurance for both urban households and rural households, in order to make proper and helpful insurance planning for these families.
Key Words: bereft family; risk; insurance planning; pension；social system
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