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| 抽象素养下视角数学习题课教学设计 【摘 要】习题是数学知识的重要承载者，它是对已学知识的巩固，也是相关拓展内容新的生长点，因此习题课在数学教学中充当着重要的角色。且在高中新课程改革的时代背景下，新课程理念也在不断根植于日常教学和教师当中。越来越多的研究证明数学学科核心素养当中的数学抽象的培养对于学习数学的重要性。而如何真正将抽象素养的培养渗透于习题课中，把学生作为习题课堂的主体，改善课堂一味讲授，枯燥的教学方式成了大家所研究的问题。 本文采取文献查阅法，课堂调查法，实践教学法以及交流访谈法，结合实习过程中的经验对如下两个方面进行了论述。一是论述了数学习题课教学所需要遵循的相关课程理论和心理学基础；二是依据当今习题课所存在的问题提出了由研究题目，到讲解题目再到评论题目的策略和教学方法。总结数学习题课可以采取的教学策略有：（1）重视先行组织者，循序渐进，以求符合学生认知发展规律；（2）一题多解，锻炼学生思维能力；（3）科学适用信息技术，辅助习题课教学；（4）教师逐步引导学生挖掘题目深层信息，克服题目过度抽象化；（5）学生总结加深理解，教师总结不断优化习题课教学。以求打造活泼的课堂氛围，不断发展学生数学抽象素养。 希望该研究能够更好地调动学生的课堂积极性，促进知识的理解，加深学生对数学的兴趣。 【Abstract】Exercise is an important carrier of mathematical knowledge,it is the consolidation of learned knowledge,but also related to expand the content of new growth point, so exercise class plays an important role in mathematics teaching. And in the context of the new curriculum reform in senior high school,the new curriculum concept is also constantly rooted in the daily teaching and teachers. More and more researchers have proved that the cultivation of mathematical abstraction in the core literacy of mathematics is important for learning mathematics. And how to really infiltrate the cultivation of abstract literacy in the exercise class, take the students as the main body of the exercise class,improve the classroom teaching, boring teaching method has become the problem that everyone studies. In this paper, literature review method, classroom survey method,practice teaching method and exchange interview method,combined with the experience in the process of practice, the following two aspects are discussed. The first is to discuss the relevant curriculum theory and psychological basis of mathematics exercise teaching;the second is to put forward the strategies and teaching methods from research topics to explanation topics and then to comment topics according to the problems existing in today's exercise class. To sum up the teaching strategies that can be adopted in mathematics exercise class are as follows: (1) pay attention to the advance organizers, step by step, in order to conform to the law of students' cognitive development; (2) solve more than one problem,exercise students' thinking ability; (3) apply information technology scientifically, assist exercise class teaching;(4) teachers gradually guide students to excavate the deep information of the problem,overcome the excessive abstraction of the problem; (5) students' general knowledge Conclusion deepen understanding, teachers summarize, and constantly optimize the teaching of exercise class. In order to create a lively classroom atmosphere,and constantly develop students' mathematical abstract literacy. It is hoped that the research can better mobilize the enthusiasm of students in the classroom,promote the understanding of knowledge, and deepen students' interest in mathematics. 【关键词】习题课；数学抽象素养；教学策略 【Key words】 exercise class；mathematical abstract literacy； teaching strategy 目录 1 引言 2 1.1 选题目的 2 1.2 研究意义 2 1.2.1 理论价值 3 1.2.2 实践价值 3 1.3 研究方法 3 2 理论基础 3 2.1 先行组织者策略 3 2.2 智力因素与非智力因素 4 2.3 数学习题理论 4 3 数学习题课调查分析 4 3.1 高中习题课教学现状和问题 4 3.2 习题课存在问题原因分析 6 4 数学习题课教学设计研究 6 4.1 基于数学抽象素养的教学策略 6 4.1.1 题目研究 6 4.1.2 讲解题目 8 4.1.3 题目评论 9 5 结论与展望 10 5.1 研究总结 10 5.2 不足与展望 10 |
