摘要

从国际形势来看，随着新兴经济体的崛起，发达国家国际地位受到威胁，因此部分发达国家利用单边主义、贸易保护主义等保护本国贸易，但这阻碍了国际贸易便利化进程。尤其是在新冠疫情的冲击下，国际生产链断裂，传统国际循环被削弱，国际投资和贸易的规模、结构、形式都发生了深刻变化，全球经济形势复杂多百年，贸易形式也由多边贸易体制主导向区域经济合作转变（王旭阳，2020）。为了进一步对内深化改革、对外扩大开放，发展对外贸易的同时促进我国经济转向高质量发展，我国尝试设立自由贸易试验区，用制度创新先行为高水平开放开拓新路子、高质量发展实践新理论。自2013年以来，我国已分五批设立21各自由贸易试验区，形成地理位置上统筹沿海和内陆、经济发展上兼顾不同发展水平的网络格局。我国致力于把自由贸易试验区建设成为链接国内国外两个市场、对接国内国际贸易规则的平台，推动贸易便利化更是自由贸易试验区建设的重要目的之一。河南自由贸易试验区位于中原，是内陆经济发展的中心，不仅肩负着以制度优势带动河南省经济的发展的重任，更要以辐射带动作用促进周边地区经济转型升级。自由贸易试验区建设是促进河南省经济转向高质量发展的着力点，也是河南省与外界进行信息互通、贸易往来、人文交流的快速通道。因此研究河南自由贸易试验区贸易便利化问题，不仅能够针对性的提出贸易便利化水平的建议，而且有利于发挥其制度创新优势和辐射带动功能。

本文首先通过梳理文献总结贸易便利化相关理论、自由贸易试验区贸易便利化研究现状，其次介绍河南自由贸易试验区发展背景、贸易便利化建设现状机器政策效果。然后借鉴国际国内指标选择和评价方法，构建自由贸易试验区贸易便利化水平评估体系，对河南自由贸易试验区贸易便利化发展水平进行测评，最后通过与上海（第一批）、广州（第二批）、浙江（第三批沿海）、陕西（第三批内陆）等典型自由贸易试验区的对比，得出河南省自由贸易试验区贸易便利化发展水平较低的结论，最后在参考国内相对成熟自由贸易试验区的贸易便利措施的基础上，对河南自由贸易试验区贸易便利化措施的完善提出了建议。

关键词：河南自由贸易试验区；贸易便利化；层次分析法；熵权法

Abstract

From the perspective of international situation,with the rise of emerging economies,the international status of developed countries is threatened, so some developed countries use unilateralism, trade protectionism to protect their own trade, but this hinders the process of international trade facilitation. In particular, under the impact of COVID-19,the international production chain has broken down, the traditional international circulation has been weakened, and the scale, structure and form of international investment and trade have undergone profound changes. The global economic situation is complicated for more than 100 years,and the form of trade has also been changed by regional economic cooperation oriented by the multilateral trading system (Wang Xuyang, 2020). In order to further deepen reform at home, expand opening to the outside world,develop foreign trade and promote China's economy to turn to high-quality development at the same time, China tries to set up a pilot Free Trade Zone,and use institutional innovation to conduct high-level opening, open up new ways, and practice new theories for high-quality development. Since 2013, China has set up 21 pilot free trade zones in five batches,forming a network pattern of coordinating coastal and inland areas geographically and taking into account different levels of economic development. China is committed to building the pilot free trade zone into a platform linking domestic and foreign markets, docking domestic and international trade rules,and promoting trade facilitation is one of the important purposes of the pilot free trade zone. Henan pilot Free Trade Zone,located in the Central Plains, is the center of inland economic development. It not only shoulders the responsibility of promoting the economic development of Henan Province with institutional advantages,but also promotes the economic transformation and upgrading of the surrounding areas with radiation. The construction of pilot free trade zone is not only the focus to promote the high-quality development of Henan Province's economy,but also a fast channel for Henan Province to exchange information, trade and people to people exchanges with the outside world. Therefore, the study of trade facilitation in Henan pilot free trade zone can notonly put forward suggestions on the level of trade facilitation,but also help to play its institutional innovation advantages and radiation driving function.

Firstly, this paper summarizes the relevant theories of trade facilitation and the research status of trade facilitation in the pilot free trade zone by combing the literature. Secondly, it introduces the development background of Henan pilot Free Trade Zone, the current situation of trade facilitation construction and the policy effect. Then, using the international and domestic index selection and evaluation methods for reference,this paper constructs the evaluation system of trade facilitation level in the pilot Free TradeZone, evaluates the development level of trade facilitation in Henan pilot Free Trade Zone,and finally compares it with typical pilot free trade zones such as Shanghai (the first batch), Guangzhou (the second batch), Zhejiang (the third batch of coastal areas) and Shaanxi (the third batch of inland areas) Finally, on the basis of referring to the trade facilitation measures of domestic relatively mature pilot Free Trade Zone, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of trade facilitation measures of Henan pilot free trade zone.

Key words: Henan pilot free trade zone; trade facilitation;analytic hierarchy process；entropy weight method