摘 要：近年来，中国的物流业急速发展。物流产业越来越成为经济发展的第三利润源泉，是交通运输业、仓库业、流通加工业、信息业相融合的综合产业。其发展在提高经济活动运营效率、调整产业结构的合理性、提高地区综合竞争力方面发挥着重要作用。研究区域物流产业的竞争力水平，探索促进物流产业发展的要素，为国民经济的提高提供新的道路。长三角为物流发展提供了优越的地理条件，是中国海岸最强的综合实力区域。长三角各地区也非常重视物流的发展，纷纷制定各自的物流发展目标，在物流基础设施建设和物流园区规划等方面都取得很大进步。但长三角各地区物流存在着发展不平衡和物流竞争力强弱不一等问题，这些问题直接制约长三角地区整体物流竞争力的提升。所以，本文以长三角地区为考察对象，对长三角各地区物流竞争力进行全面评价，为长三角提高区域物流整体竞争力的发展提出合理对策。本文首先通过对区域物流竞争力相关文献进行研究，归纳出区域物流竞争力的相关影响因素。从城市物流竞争实力和竞争潜力两个方面建立城市物流竞争力评价指标体系。其次，以长三角16个城市2018年数据为基础，采用因子分析法和聚类分析法，对长三角16个城市物流竞争力进行评价，基于综合得分将各城市分成 4 类，并对每类城市进行比较分析。结果表明:上海市物流业富有竞争力；苏州、杭州、宁波 3 个城市物流竞争力较强；南京、无锡等11个城市物流竞争力一般；舟山市物流竞争力较弱。最后依据分类结果，分别提出对策，以此来提高长三角地区整体区域物流竞争力。

 

关键词：长三角； 物流竞争力； 因子分析

 

Research on Evaluation of regional logistics competitiveness in Yangtze River Delta

 

Abstract: in recent years, China's logistics industry has developed rapidly.Logistics industry is becoming the third profit source of economic development.It is a comprehensive industry integrating transportation industry,warehouse industry, circulation processing industry and information industry. Its development plays an important role in improving the operation efficiency of economic activities,adjusting the rationality of industrial structure, and improving regional comprehensive competitiveness. This paper studies the competitiveness level of regional logistics industry, explores the elements to promote the development of logistics industry, and provides a new way for the improvement of national economy. The Yangtze River Delta provides superior geographical conditions for the development of logistics, and is the strongest comprehensive strength area in China's coast. The Yangtze River Delta regions also attach great importance to the development of logistics, have formulated their own logistics development goals,and have made great progress in logistics infrastructure construction and logistics park planning. However, there are some problems in the development of logistics in the Yangtze River Delta, such as unbalanced development and different logistics competitiveness,which directly restrict the improvement of the overall logistics competitiveness of the Yangtze River Delta. Therefore, this paper takes the Yangtze River Delta as the research object,makes a comprehensive evaluation of the logistics competitiveness of the Yangtze River Delta, and puts forward reasonable countermeasures for the development of the Yangtze River Delta to improve the overall competitiveness of regional logistics. In this paper, through the research on the literature of regional logistics competitiveness, the related factors of regional logistics competitiveness are summarized. The evaluation index system of urban logistics competitiveness is established from two aspects of competitive strength and competitive potential. Secondly, based on the data of 16 cities in the Yangtze River Delta in2018, this paper uses factor analysis and cluster analysis to evaluatethe logistics competitiveness of 16 cities in the Yangtze River Delta. Based on the comprehensive score,each city is divided into four categories, and each type of city is compared and analyzed. The results show that: Shanghai logistics industry is competitive; Suzhou, Hangzhou,Ningbo three cities logistics competitiveness is strong; Nanjing,Wuxi and other 11 cities logistics competitiveness is general; Zhoushan logistics competitiveness is weak. Finally, according to the classification results,the paper puts forward countermeasures to improve the overall regional logistics competitiveness of the Yangtze River Delta.

 

Key words: Yangtze River Delta; logistics competitiveness; factor analysis