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| 股份制商业银行表外业务的分析与思考
摘 要
近年来，随着金融制度的改革完善以及金融监管的日趋严格，商业银行通过存贷款获取利差收益的传统业务模式已不能适应当前的发展。面对激烈的行业竞争，银行想要寻求突破，必须转型升级，调整业务结构。根据发达国家的经验，发展表外业务是银行转型的一个方向，表外业务不占用银行的自有资本，可以避开资本监管，还能增加银行的收入来源。但历史经验表明表外业务在给银行带来收益的同时也伴随着风险与挑战，某些业务本身存在很大的波动风险，尤其是投资银行和衍生工具等创新型业务，发展不合理很可能给银行业甚至整个金融体系带来巨大的危机，次贷危机就是一个很好的例子。截至目前，发达国家商业银行的表外业务己形成完善的发展体系，风险防范机制健全，而我国商业银行的表外业务发展尚处于初步阶段，体制机制不成熟，风险防范意识缺乏，如何合理发展表外业务，控制风险还有待进一步探索研究。
关键词：表外业务；股份制商业银行；存在问题；发展建议
Abstract
In recent years, with the reform and improvement of the financial system and the increasingly strict financial supervision, the traditional business model of commercial banks to obtain interest rate differentials through deposits and loans has not been able to adapt to the current development. Facing fierce industry competition,banks must transform and upgrade and adjust their business structure if they want to seek breakthroughs. According to the experience of developed countries,the development of off-balance sheet business is a direction of bank transformation. Off-balance sheet business does not occupy the bank's own capital,can avoid capital supervision, and can increase the bank's source of income. However, historical experience shows that off-balance-sheet businesses bring benefits to banks and are accompanied by risks and challenges. Certain businesses themselves have great volatility risks,especially innovative businesses such as investment banking and derivatives. Unreasonable development is very likely Bringing huge crises to the banking industryand even the entire financial system, the subprime mortgage crisis is a good example. Up to now, the off-balance sheet business of commercial banks in developed countries has formed a sound development system, and the risk prevention mechanism is sound. However, the development of off-balance sheet business of commercial banks in my country is still in the preliminary stage,the system and mechanism are not mature, and the awareness of risk prevention is lacking. How to develop rationally For off-balance sheet businesses,the control of risks needs further exploration and research.
Key words: Off-balance sheet business Joint-stock commercialbanks There are problems The development Suggestions
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