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| 海明威笔下人物“尼克”性格转变缘由解析 摘要：对于海明威的研讨，从来都是国内外评论家关注的重点，人们大多数将视角集中于海明威的“迷惘的一代 ”、“硬汉子”形象、“冰山理论”等方面，也有从存在主义、象征主义角度研究的，然而关于海明威短篇小说中重复呈现的一个人物——尼克·亚当斯的关注并不多见，尤其是对于这一形象的系统梳理和深入研究，还有待于进一步的挖掘。本文力求对散落在海明威短篇小说中尼克的形象进行整理，按尼克成长的经历，对这些文章进行重新编排，其中包括海明威在三个短篇小说集《在我们的时代》、《没有女人的男人》、《胜者一无所得》中已经发表的篇目和未发表的篇目进行系统的梳理，通过文本细读的方式，力求系统而全面的展现尼克这一形象从童年到青年再到壮年的成长历程，通过尼克成长过程中经历的变化，分析其变化的原因，探讨当时社会背景给人类带来的伤害。另外，在对尼克形象进行梳理后，笔者发现，尼克这一形象的经历和性格特征符合海明威本人的某些独特的经历和性格，说明尼克这一形象对于海明威本人来说的自传性。尼克形象的成长过程鲜活的体现了那个年代“尼克式”的人物的集体特征，同时也包含了海明威笔下人物的基本特征，即传统意义上所说的“迷惘”性和“硬汉”精神。综上所述，尼克这一形象在海明威作品中有着不可替代的作用 关键词：海明威；尼克；成长；短篇小说 Analysis of the Reason why Hemingway's Character "Nick" Character Changes Abstract: the study of Hemingway's,has traditionally been concerns ofthe critics at home and abroad,most people will view focuses on the "lost generation" of Hemingway, "always tough" image, "iceberg theory" and so on, also has a research from the perspective of existentialism, symbolism, but for recurring a characters in Hemingway's short story -- Nick Adams's attention does not see more, especially for this image system and the thorough research, has yet to be further mining.This article attempts to the scattered in Nick's image in Hemingway's short story, according to Nick growth experience,these articles are reorganized, including Hemingway in three short stories in our times, "men without women","the winner get nothing," has been published and unpublished marked title to comb the system,and through the way of close reading,makes every effort to system and comprehensive show Nick this image from childhood to youth and prime of life journey, by Nick growth experience in the process of change, analysis its reason for changes, and to explore social background at that time the damage to human being.In addition, after combing the image of Nick,the author finds that the experience and personality characteristics of Nick are in line with Hemingway's unique experience and personality, which indicates that Nick is autobiographical to Hemingway himself.The growth process of Nick vividly reflects the collective characteristics of the "Nick type" characters in that era,and also contains the basic characteristics of Hemingway's characters, which are "lost" and "tough guy" spirit in the traditional sense.To sum up, the image of Nick plays an irreplaceable role in Hemingway's works Key words: Hemingway; Nick; Grow up; Short stories |
