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| 金砖国家服务贸易国际竞争力研究
摘要
服务贸易发展对金砖国家以及世界经济发展有着重要的作用。伴随着当今世界服务经济的迅速发展，服务贸易额在国际贸易中的比重也越来越大，并且发展速度已经超过了传统的货物贸易，相关研究结果表明，一国国内服务业的发展程度与对外服务贸易竞争力的强弱有着较强的相关性。新兴经济体在经济危机中的出色表现，让人们意识到新兴经济体正在逐渐成为世界经济稳定的来源。对金砖国家服务业的竞争力水平进行研究发现，虽然金砖国家服务行业整体的竞争力水平与美国相差很远，但在服务分行业中，金砖国家各自表现出了不同比较优势行业。中国和俄罗斯的优势产业是传统型服务行业，印度的优势产业是信息通讯服务，巴西的优势产业是新兴服务行业。通过对金砖国家服务行业竞争力的分析，探寻中国与其他金砖国家未来服务贸易合作的方向，对于新一轮对外开放中提升中国服务业发展水平具有重要意义。
本文阐述了服务贸易的相关概念及本文研究的理论基础，介绍了服务贸易竞争力的衡量指标。本文主要运用了国际市场占有率、贸易竞争优势指数。对金砖五国服务贸易发展现状的介绍，分别从发展现状和发展特点两个方面进行了比较分析。从不同国家的发展概况总结经验，为未来中国发展以及中国与金砖伙伴的合作提供新思路。
关键词：金砖国家，服务贸易，竞争力
Research on International Competitiveness of Service Trade in BRICS Countries
Abstract
The development of service trade plays an important role inthe economic development of the BRIC countries and the world. With the rapid development of today’s world’s service economy,the volume of service trade accounts for an increasing proportion of international trade, and the rate of development has surpassed that of traditional trade in goods. Relevant research results show that the level of development of a country’s domestic service industry The competitiveness of foreign trade in services has a strong correlation. The outstanding performance of emerging economies in the economic crisis has made people realize that emerging economies are gradually becoming a source of world economic stability. A study on the competitiveness of the service industry of the BRICS countries found that although the overall competitiveness of the service industry of the BRICS countries is far from that of the United States,in the service sub-sectors, the BRICS countries each show different comparative advantages. The dominant industry in China and Russia is the traditional service industry, the dominant industry in India is information and communication services, and the dominant industry in Brazil is the emerging service industry. Through the analysis of the competitiveness of the service industry of the BRICS countries, exploring the direction of future service trade cooperation betweenChina and other BRICS countries is of great significance for improving the development level of China's service industry in the new round of opening up.
This article expounds the related concepts of service trade and the theoretical basis ofthis article, and introduces the measurement indicators of service trade competitiveness. This article mainly uses the international market share and trade competitive advantage index.The introduction to the status quo of the service trade development of the five BRIC countries isa comparative analysis from two aspects: the status quo and the characteristics of the development. Summarize experience from the development profiles of different countries,and provide new ideas for the future development of China and the cooperation between China and BRICS partners.
Key Words: BRICS, , Service trade, competitiveness
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