摘要

前人多从德性视角阐述《论语》中君子一词的内涵，而有意无意忽略了《论语》中君子一词的政治面向。事实上，《论语》中君子一词蕴含着丰富的政治内涵。就内容而言，具有双重政治内涵，一方面是就位以修德，位于上位而明确责任；一方面是修德以取位，学而优则仕。就原因而言，一方面是为了维护周朝政治家国一体的传统，另一方面是为了补缺周政的弊端而施行人治。《论语》中君子一词的丰富政治内涵，对我国当代的政治实践具有重要的启示。从公务员层面来看，要知者利仁，循礼求和。加强自身道德建设，提高能力。从从社会主义国家的角度看，要人治法治、相辅相成，建立能力政府，加快社会主义国家治理体系和治理能力的现代化和法治化。

关键词：《论语》 君子 政治面向 内涵 原因 当代启示

A Study on the Political Orientation of "Gentleman" in The Analects of Confucius

Abstract

The predecessors mostly expounded the connotation of the term gentlemanin the Analects from the perspective of virtue,but intentionally or unintentionally ignored the political aspect of the term gentleman in the Analects. In fact, the term gentleman in "The Analects" contains rich political connotations.As far as content is concerned, it has dual political connotations.On the one hand, it is to cultivate morality in position,and to be in the upper position and clarify responsibilities; on the other hand, it is to cultivate morality in order to gain position, and learn to achieve excellence. As far as the reasons are concerned, on the one hand,it is to maintain the Zhou Dynasty's politicians' tradition of the unity of the state, and on the other hand, it is to implement the rule of man to make up for the shortcomings of the Zhou government. The rich political connotation of the term gentleman in "The Analects" hasimportant enlightenment to contemporary political practice in our country. From the perspective of civil servants,who want to know benefit from benevolence and seek peace in accordance with courtesy. Strengthen its own moral construction and cultivate ability.From a national perspective, the rule of law should be governed by people,complement each other, build a capable government,and accelerate the modernization and legalization of the national governance system and governance capabilities.

Keywords:"The Analects"；Gentleman；Political aspect；Connotation；the reason；Contemporary inspiration

 

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

一、绪论 1

（一）研究背景及意义 1

1.研究背景 1

2.研究意义 1

（二）文献综述 2

1.君子观诞生的时代背景 2

2.君子观的内涵阐释 2

3.君子观的当代意义 3

（三）研究思路及方法 4

1.研究思路 4

2.研究方法 4

二、《论语》“君子”政治面向的双重内涵 5

（一）就位以修德 5

（二）修德以取位 7

三、《论语》“君子”政治面向的原因 8

（一）救宗法世卿之衰——维护周政家国一体 8

（二） 补周政尚文之弊——施行人治 9

四、《论语》“君子”政治面向的当代启示 10

（一）公务员层面：知者利仁，循礼求和 10

（二）国家层面：人治法治，相辅相成 12

五、结论 13

参考文献 15

致 谢 16