摘要

苏联是马克思主义的第一次伟大的实践，同时也是世界上第一个社会主义国家，苏联模式在一定的时期内取得了举世瞩目的成就，成为其他社会主义国家纷纷效仿的对象，但同时苏联模式也带来了诸多弊端和问题。新中国成立以后，由于缺乏建设社会主义的经验，加上国际环境的影响，中国也开始学习模仿苏联模式，该模式虽然在一定的时期内发挥着积极作用，但它存在的严重弊端也会阻碍中国社会生产力的发展。十一届三中全会以后，在邓小平的领导下，中国开始打破苏联模式，探索适合本国国情的中国特色社会主义道路。

关键词：苏联模式；中国特色社会主义；改革开放

Abstract

The soviet union is the first socialist country in the world.The soviet model has made great achievements and has become the object of emulation by other socialist countries,but at the same time the soviet model has also brought many drawbacks and problems. After the founding of New China,due to the lack of experience inbuilding socialism and the influence of the international environment, China also began to learn and imitate the Soviet model, which played an active role in a certain period of time. But its serious malpractice will also hinder thedevelopment of China's social productive forces. After the third Plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee,China began to abandon this model,explore the socialist road with Chinese characteristics suitable for its own national conditions, and made great achievements.

Keyword: Soviet mode; Socialism with Chinese characteristics; the reform and opening-up