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| 美国外资安全审查的变革及中国的应对 摘要：美国外资安全审查制度由来已久，通过数次改革现已较为成熟。随着发展中国家经济实力的增强，美国外资安全审查制度于2018年进行了较大幅度的改革：扩大CFIUS的审查权限、拓展审查范围以及新增“简易程序”和“强制申报程序”等，以保证其经济平稳发展。2020年新冠肺炎疫情在全球的蔓延导致许多国家的经济呈下滑趋势，在此背景下，特朗普政府一再强调投资保护主义，尤其是在FIRRMA颁布后，CFIUS将中国列为“特别关注国家”，对中国实行歧视性审查。对此，我国需要在全面分析美国外资安全审查制度针对中国措施的基础上，从国家层面和企业层面提出有效的应对措施，以维护我国赴美投资的投资者利益和国家利益。 关键词：美国外资审查 FIRRMA CFIUS 投资保护主义 Abstract The security review system of foreign capital in the United States has a long history and has been mature through several reforms.As the economic strength of developing countries strengthened,the US foreign investment security review system carried outa substantial reform in 2018: expanding the CFIUS's examination authority, expanding the scope of examination, and adding "summary procedure" and "compulsory declaration procedure" to ensure the smooth development of its economy. The global spread of the 2020 new crown pneumonia epidemic has led to a downward trend in many countries' economies. Against this background, the Trump administration has repeatedly stressed investment protectionism, especially after the promulgation of the FIRRMA,CFIUS listed China as a "special concern country" and imposed a discriminatory review on China. In this regard, our country needs to put forward effective countermeasures from the national level and the enterprise level on the basis of comprehensive analysis of the measures of the United States foreign capital security review system against China,in order to safeguard the interests of investors and national interests of our country's investment in the United States. Keywords: US Foreign Investment Review; FIRRMA; CFIUS; Investment Protectionism |
