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| 家用火灾烟雾报警器的设计 摘 要 我国火灾报警产品市场主要被国外厂商占据，产品的价格普遍在千元以上。据慧聪网行业研究院第三市场研究所调査显示，目前市场上普遍使用的产品，无论是单户型还是联网型火灾安防系统的平均价格都在2000元左右。高昂的价格限制了火灾报警产品走进普通家庭的步伐，目前火灾报警产品的用户主要集中在中高收入人群。家庭火灾报警系统可以分为联网型和单户型两大类。在目前安全防入报系统的应用中，各种各样的建筑不同，安全防范的要求也不同，因此每一个安全防范入侵报警系统的构成也都不同。当代的火灾报警器主要是以智能化最大化为核心采用计算机控制技术，报警的方式主要采取数字量，通过软件对其灵敏度根据具体的情况进行设定和调整。朝着最大程度提高系统的稳定性以及智能化，减少误报的方向发展 本文课题是拟设计出一套基于单片机的火灾报警系统，以STC89C52单片机为主芯片，可以实现对烟雾、温度的检测和火灾报警。本次系统分别用烟雾传感器、温度传感器，加上简单的外围电路，组成一个火灾报警系统的硬件系统。软件上主程序，子程序相互配合形成软件系统，本功能具有设计方法合理，简单易行，成本低，安全实用等特点，具有一定的推广价值。最后运用Altium Designer16进行电路原理图的制作，通过PCB图制作出相应实物电路板并将相关元器件焊接到电路板中，运用Keil uvision软件编译相关程序，调试完成实物。 关键词：MQ-2传感器；温度传感器；STC89C52；硬件系统；软件系统 Abstract The market of fire alarm products in China is mainly occupied by foreign manufacturers, and the price of the products is generally over RMB 1000. According to the survey of the third Market Research Institute of Huicong Network Industry Research Institute, the average price of the products commonly used in the market, whether single or networked, is about 2000 yuan. High price limits the pace of fire alarm products entering the ordinary family. At present, the users of fire alarm products are mainly concentrated in middle and high-income people. The family fire alarm system can be divided into two categories: network type and single family type. In the application of the security alarm system, different buildings and different requirements of security are also required. Therefore, the composition of each intrusion alarm system is different. The modern fire alarm mainly adopts computer control technology with the intelligent maximization as the core, and the alarm method mainly adopts digital quantity. The sensitivity of the alarm is set and adjusted according to the specific situation by software. It is developing towards the direction of maximizing the stability and intelligence of the system and reducing false positives This paper is to design a fire alarm system based on single chip microcomputer. STC89C52 is the main chip, which can detect smoke and temperature and alarm fire. This system uses smoke sensor and temperature sensor, and simple peripheral circuit to form a hardware system of fire alarm system. The main program and subprogram cooperate to form the software system. This function has the characteristics of reasonable design method, simple and easy operation, low cost, safety and practicability, and has certain promotion value. Finally, the circuit schematic diagram is made by using Altium designer 16. The PCB is used to make the corresponding physical circuit board and the related components are welded to the circuit board. The relevant program is compiled by keil uVision software, and the real object is debugged. Key words: mq-2 sensor; temperature sensor; STC89C52; hardware system; software system 目 录 摘要Ⅰ Abstract Ⅱ 第一章绪论1 1.1课题背景及意义1 1.2国内外研究现状2 1.3论文内容安排2 1.4论文的主要工作3 第二章系统方案设计4 2.1系统功能需求分析4 2.2系统总体方案设计4 2.3模块选型5 2.3.1 单片机的介绍与选型 5 2.3.2烟雾传感器的介绍与选型 5 2.3.3温度传感器的介绍与选型 7 2.3.4火焰传感器的介绍及选型 8 2.4本章小结8 第三章系统硬件设计9 3.1主控制电路设计9 3.1.1单片机设计及其原理9 3.1.2单片机电源电路设计及其原理 9 3.1.3 单片机晶振电路设计 10 3.2烟雾传感器电路设计10 3.3温度传感器电路设计11 3.4火焰传感器电路设计12 3.5液晶屏电路设计12 3.6按键电路设计13 3.7报警电路电路设计14 3.8直流电机驱动电路设计14 3.9整体硬件电路设计15 3.10本章小结16 第四章系统软件设计17 4.1软件开放环境17 4.1.1软件开发平台介绍17 4.1.2Keil软件的使用17 4.2主程序流程图设计18 4.3模数转换软件实现方案设计19 4.4温度获取子程序设计20 4.5独立按键软件方案设计20 4.6本章小结21 第五章系统调试22 5.1系统功能初步调试设计22 5.2硬件焊接设计22 图5-2焊接效果图23 5.3软件调试设计23 5.4系统功能测试24 5.4本章小结26 结论27 参考文献28 附录29 致谢29 |
